Duplicating-machine.



H. G. GAMMETER.

DUPLGATING MACHINE.

uPLIoAToN FILED PEB. s, 1911.

7L VUM Zin/5222271 H. o. GAMMBTER.

DUPLIGATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 8,- 1911.

Patented Jan.14,113.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Ei ms@ UNiTED: sTATRs iDA'riiNr onirica.

HARRY c. GAMMETER, or BRATENAHL, oriro, AssiGNoR To THE AMERICAN MULTI-GRA-PH COM PANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION.

DUPLIC'ATINGTMACHIE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 14, 19413.

I, Original application led March'28, 1906, lSerial No. 308,379. Dividedand this application filed'll'ebruary 8, 1911'. Serial `No. 607,346. y

To-aZZ whom t may concerni Be it known that l, lHARRY C. GAMMETFR,acit1z'en of the UnitedStates, residing at f Bratenahll, in the countyof Cuyahoga and 'State of Chio, have invented a certain -new and usefulImprovement. in vDuplicating- Machines, of which the following i's afull,

clear, and exact description, reference being f .had to thevaccompanying drawings.

' file -My 'prior application Number v308,37 9,

March 28, 1906, shows a rotary print'- ing machine having a removableydrum formed with ralls vfor Vcarrying individual ,type; anothery drum,'co-acting therewith, as a platen; an ink supplying fabric passingbetween the two drums and mounted on a pair of rollers independent ofeither drum, the fabric moving* forward during, the irnpression andVbeing retracted between impressions; and a 'hollow 'absorbent rollerlcontactiiig with the printing drinn, whereby the i fabric i sreplenished for each'rotation, l

' The present application relates to the replenishing feature-that is,the successive application of ink to the fabric. Thefeature of theremovable-typeholding member is4 covered in application Number-574,660,

filed July 30, 1910, as a division of said apf plicationNumber 308,379.Thefother features are covered in 'th'e parent application.` The'ydrawings clearly illustrate the present' invention. f f

F igure l is an end view, partly sectional,

of a printing machine embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a cross sectionthereof in a .plane vparallel with Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a fro'nt eleyation,partly sectioned t rough the ink I. supply roller and the ribbonv spoolbeneath it; Fig.4 is a perspective view of the clutch mechanismifo-rcontrolling the ribbon feed l;

' Fig. 5' is va sectional side elevation of the ribbon 'receiving rollerand its clutch; Fig. j 6 isa perspective View lof the support and claspupoii which the ribbon is wound.

Referring to the parts shown by numerals,

- I0 and 11 are a pair of end plates mounted v.on a suitable base 12.

13 designates a shaft mounted in bearings `inthe end plates and havingon itslenda crank 14, by which it may be rotated.v Mounted on thisshaftbetween the end plates is 'a drum, designated 15, which is shown asclampedfto the shaft .by a centrally.

'placed radial set'screiv 1'6. yCarried lby the periphery vof thisdrum,V are a series of parallel rails 17 which have over-hangingedges,r

wlierebythese rails may loosely conine between 1them'y parallel rows ofgrooved' indi-A vidiial types, designated '18, assembled into page form..The loosenin of the set screw "16 enables a simple pull on the crank,lengthwise of the shaft, to draw the crank out and free the drum.Accordingly, the page form may be removed-intact and preserved foryfuture use, or type may he assembled into,

or distributed from, one drum while another have, a soft exteriorcovering 2l, removablyV held by a bail 22, clamping the end of. the

covering into a recess 23 in ,the' drum. IThe ext-remo diameter the drumwith iits'cove ering may 'be `the same as the diameter of,

the printingdrurn and its type, causing -the type to successivelyimpress the same prtion ofthe'platen, allowing convenient overi y layingand under-laying. The platen may i be mounted on a shaft 25 which haseccentric,

bearings in the end plates, and is shown as having 'on its'end a lever26 by which it may be adjusted `On the platen is a gear 28 which mesheswith a vgear 29 on thedrum l 15, whereby the two rotate' unison whendriven by the crank 14:. L

. 'In printing-in imitation'of type-writtenv work, itis desirablevto'niake the impression through an inkedr fabric. `Such fabric isshownin the present Inachine'as 'extending between the twodrums andmounted. on rollersl 3l and 42m front ofand behind-the line of contactand parallel therewith., The fabric itself is designated 30.*' Ashereinafter explained this fabric is fed forwardl (that'is .toward theright in'Figs.l 1 and -2 with the paper during the printing portion-'ofl the1v rotation, and after' such portion is retractedtofits originalposition byl a spring within the roller. 31. It is to be understood.`

that the paper to be printed'is passed into the machine by,hand, orotherwise, beneath the guard 62 which extends below the roller 31. andabove the table 63 and the guard 64 behind it. Now, with thecoperatingparts described, the same short section 'of theribbon may be.used over and over again until exhausted. When it is exhausted, theclip 43, or other means, which holds the end to t-he receiving roller isloosened, and the exn hausted portion of the ribbon is cut off, theribbon being again connectedto the receiving roller. This method ofoperation has the advantage over using asuccessively fed ribbon for itsfull length continuously in that the impressions made bythe successiveimpressions are more uniform. Moreover, there is eliminated that `wearon the ribbon which is caused by dragging it across the t-ype. To`replenish the ribbon as it is used, I provide an' inking roller 65 whichis adapted to bear directly on the type and ink them, so that the typefurnish to the -ribbon an amount of ink.. which corresponds to thatwhich is taken oif the ribbon-by the iinpression. This inlringrolleixmay also allow direct printing, the ribbon being removed. Theinkiiig roller may itselfaconstitute an ink i'eservoir.- As shown inFig. 3, the inkin'g roller consists of a felt exterior G6 mounted on theperforated tube 67 which is held by heads (3S and 09. The head 69 isadapted to receive the spring pressed bear-- ing pin 70, while the headG8 carries a gear 71, which, meshing with the main gear 29,- furnishesmeans of rotation. The head 68 is hollow to communicate with the.interior of the roll, and a filling opening is provided in the head,which, when the roller is in use, is plugged by thescrew 7 2. Thesupport 'for the roller allows its easy removal and for filling withink, either for direct printing or of the proper composition and colorto replenish the ribbon.

In printingmatter with lines of typeactf 40 ing through a ribbon, itresults that Where the lines are short, as at the end of para-v graphsand elsewhere, a portion of the ribbon is unacted upon, thus,ordinarily, leaving the ribbon comparatively fuller of ink at suchpoints; and this inequality of inking in the ribbon increases withsuccessive impressions of the same matter on the same portion of theribbon, resulting in giving a comparatively bad impression, lIvvhenwith5'@ change of matter, a full line comes on such portion. For manyclasses of work this inequality of impression is immaterial and may bedisregarded. However, to enable the very best result to be produced, Ihave 5aincorporatedwith the rotary ribbon print-- `ing machine my systemof inking the type and letting it ink the ribbon. This obviates thedifficulty by supplying to the ribben ink at'the e'i'ract place where.it is removed, and

this allows the same short portion of fabric to be used over andoveragain, producing the same impression however the lines of type run. TheribbonA is always in -good condition until the fabric itself1 is wornout.

55 The ribbon may originally be inked inde.

even `thromghout the page, and thus a close imitation of type-writtenmatter may be made, this imitation effect being augmented vby the loosemanner in which the rails hold the type.

It will be' proper now,to describe the Vmeans shown for holding andreciprocating t-he ribbon. In the form shown,- the s priiig barrel 31consists of a central shaft heads 38 thereon; a tube 34 connecting theseheads; and a spring wvithin the barrel, secured at one end .to the shaftand at the other.' end to one of the heads The shaft is freely journaledin the frame at one end and at the other end extends into a socketcarried-'by a short shaft 3G.' This shaft is pressedytoward the drum bya spring 37, and its socket is so formed that it prevents the shafthaving independent. rotation. On the shaft 36 is a head 38 and on theframe and the face of the head which bears against it are formedcooperating projections and recesses, holding the shaft 3i;

against accidental displacement, allowing adjustment of the spring bythe turning of the head 38. To'allow the coil of ribbon to be applied tothe spring barrel without unwindingthe coil, I mountit on a splitsleeve39 (Figs. 1, 3 and` 6), this sleeve having one edge 40 doubled on itselfto clamp the` ribbon and having the lother edge 41 turned inwardly tooccupy a slot in the tube 34, preventing slipping.- When the head 3S ispulled endwise against the spring 3T, the spring barrel may be removedand the spool slipped into place over. it.

.In the embodiments shown, the receiving roll 42, which carries theforward end of the ribbon, is automatically rotated as the drums arerevolved, and thus takes up the ribbon gripped and fed forward with thepaper by the two drums, suoli operation winding the ribbon oi of theribbon roll and 'winding up the spring 35.- When the sheet has-'beenprinted, the receiving roll is` released and the ribbon iies back tooriginal position on the roll 31, thespring ,un- Winding. The mechanismcausing this opl eration will now be described. t

I The ro1l42 (Fig. 5) is mounted at its ends in studs 44 and 45, carriedby the end frame members 10 and 11. The stud 44 may be screw threaded inthe frame, to allow the removal of the roller. 'llie stud 45 is rigidwith the frame and has loosely j'ouinaled on it a clutch 47 which mayengage with the counter-bored end of the roller. A spring 48 tends toprevent such engagement. `On the clutch 47 are formed teeth 49 whichmesh with an idler 50 (Fig. l) which in turn meshes with the teeth ofthe main gear 29.

On'the stud 45 is a rigid flange 52 and a loose washer which are secured'by apinfl against rotation. Between these washers is a plate 54journaled on the 'stud and having recesses containingballs 55.

.32 and It4 the plate 54Mbit: rocked Qn'the 'shaft however, the ballsare-moved out of their recesses, forcing apart the washers 52 and 53,and this forces the clutch into en? gagement with the endof the roller.42 to' cause the 'same torotate with the clutch. The plate may beshifted at the proper `time to set the'clutch by a rod 5GB-connectedwith the plate t'at one end and at the other' end with a bell crank 57which carries' a roller 58 adapted to bear on a segmental cam- 59niounted on the impression platen. W'hen this roller 58 is 1n engagementwith the cam, the rod y.5G-holds the `clutchl? in .disengaged position.flYhen, however, the

cam releases .the roller 58,'-tliesp1'ing '60 draws the rod 56 in thedirection to apply .the clutch and the1 ribbon is accordingly pulledalong concurrently both by they grip o f the drums and the rotatingroller 42. The size of thel gear 49 alnd the', roller 4:2

are s o selected that the peripheral speedV of thev roller'issubstantially" the 'same as At the Sametime the positive pull of theroller A42`overcomes any tendency of the spring barrel 31 to causebackward slippage of the ribbon when gripped between the drums. A weakspring 61 surrounding the vrod 56 allows movement'of the rod withoutjamming the clutch after the clutch is suiciently tight. f

From the construction described, it will be seen that my print-ingmechanism, while I'being very simple in construction, can be made` toeffect excellent imitations of typewritten work, by 4reason of theconjoint actionof its several features, namely :-((L) impressionthrough'the same portion ofan inked ribbon; (b) constant replenishmentof "the ribbon at points where. its ink is removed; (c) theemploymentwith such replenished ribbon of t-ype loosely held about theperiphery of a rotary drum cooperating with a rollerplaten, whereby adigging `1mpression is` given corresponding to the blow of typewriterkey-bars. It will also'be seen that thetype on the drum has acorresponding digging effect on the inlring roller, thereby inking-moreheavily the advance edge of,

the type and lieightening the imitative effect,

produced.

l claim:4 l.. The combination-'of a rotary member provided with meansfor carrying rows of individual type, a rotary coperating platen,

a fabric through which the impression is 65 made, and a rollercov-acting with this'rotary These balls normally occupy also recesses 1nthe washers means, one ,being an inkribbon and the other 'aninlring'roller, and the two coperating type carrying drum, a fabric throughwhich.

' points where the ink was used on the jmernber for Isupplying ink tothegfabric on "each rotation.

y 2. The combination of a rotary printing, drum, a rotary impressionplaten, .a fabric, means for holding the Asame so that succes- 4siveimpressions are made through'the fab'-4 ric at the same points, andlmeans for inlring the fabric at suchpoints.

3. 'The combination of a rotary typecalrying member providedwithmeans-forcarrying a plurality ofparallel lines of type, a rollerimpression platen coperating therewith, and an inkin'g ribbon andaninking4 roller simultaneously'cooperating with the form on the saineside of\ the paper to be printed.

.4. The combination of a vprintingmember formed, to carry 'a page formofparallel lines of `tfype a' rot-aryv platen, and two inkingsimultaneously with the printing member on thesame side of the papertobe printed.,

`5. The combination of a rotary printing couple,. and two inking meanstherefor, one

9o, being a fabric, 'and the other an'absorbent .rollerv and bot-h'bearing' againstA theA form member of `the couple. v

. `6. The combination of a roller platen, a

the printing is effected, the sameportion of the fabric covering thesame characters-'on successive impressions, and "means for reinking the'fabric ,for each impression at! the I precede .1'00

ingimpression. A 7. The combination of a rotary form -member, acoperating platen, a fabricthrough vwhich the printingis effected by therolling movement of said member 'and 105 platen, and a roller4coperatinfr with the', member "f or; supplying ink to said fabric, saidroller being mounted parallel with the form member and drivenconcurrently with the rotation of the latter and supplying ink duringAsuch rotation. A 8. A printing couple, one member, of

which isV rotary 'and carries-a form, combined with an inking ribbon andan i'iiking roller simultaneously coperating with said member of thecouple onthe same side of the. paper to be imprinted.

9. In a duplicati-ng machine, the combination, of a'rotary printingmember, an -impression platen, an inking roller bear-ing on the surfaceof the printing member and adapted to ink'the type thereon, and aninking ribbon .passing between the printing' member and the paper to' beprinted, where'- by the ink on the ribbon is replenished. 125

10. The combination, with two' members of a rotary.printing'couple, ofanfinking roller vadapted to act" on the printing surface ,carried byone of said members, and means' for feeding a ribbon, said ribbon be-'130 ing removable whereby the couple may print directly or through thevribbon on the same side of the paper, the ribbon being inked,4

by the printing surface;

11. The combination, withtwo members of a rotary prii'itiiig couple, ofan inking roller adapted to act on type carried by one of said members,and means for feeding an inking ribbon between the members of the coupleand on the side of the paper to be printedadjacent to the printingmember, Said ribbon being removable whereby the couple may printdirectly or through the ribbon, the ribbon having its ink thusreplenished.

1Q. The combination, with the two members of a rotary printing couple,of a printing ribbon, mechanism for causing itto reciprocate betweensaid members, and means for reiiiking such ribbon for each rotation.

13. The combination of a rotary printing couple comprising an impressionplaten and means for carrying a page forni of individual't-ype, meanswhereby the form may be removed as a whole witlio-ut being disassembled,a fabric through which the form prints, and means for inking the fabricon each rotation of thefmachine.

141-. ln a duplicating machine, the combination, with a printing memberand an impression platen, one of which is rotary and the other of whichhas coperative'concur- ,rent movement, whereby the printing is ef fectedby rolling impression, of an iiiking roller bearing against t-heprintingsurface on the printing member, and an inkiiig ribbon passing betweenthe two members of the printing couple and inked on its back side bytheink from tho type.

15. The combination, with the frame of the machine, of a roller platen,a page form of individual -type`arranged to travel in a circle andperiodically cooperate with the platen, means for carrying vthe form,means .for removingthe form from the machine Without disasseinbling it,aj fabric through Which the impression is made, means for carryingthefabric, and means for ink'ing the fabric during the-operationofthemachine.

16.' The combination, with a roller platen, of a printing form mountedtomove in c'ooperation with the platen, means for-carrying the form, meansfor supplying ink directly to the form at one pointfa'nd an inked ribbonthrough which the form prints at another point.

17. vThe combination of a rotaryimpression platen,` a rotary memberabove the platen, a device removably mounted on said vmember and havingparallel rails for holding individual type whereby a page form may beremoved asa whole, a fabric, means for holding the same so thatsuccessive impressions are made through the same points thereof, andmeans for inking thefabric for veach impression.

ing ribbon adapted to engage the form face of the type on the front sideof the paper to be printed, and an iiikiiig roller acting directly on aportion of the form while another portion of the forni is eifecting theimpression through said ribbon.

19. The combination, with a rotary platen,- of a rotary member mountedparallel therewith,I a device removably mounted on the rotary member andadapted to carry a page form of individual type land allow its removalwit-hout disassemblage, a fabric through which the impression is made,an'd means for inking said fabric for each impression.

Q0. The combination of a page form and a roller platen having rollingco-action with `the whole form, an inking ribbon extending between thetwo in position to engage the face of the form, spools for holding theends of the ribbon, means for feeding paper between the ribbon andplaten, and an inking ro-ller adapted to contact with the forni at apoint not covered by the ribbon.

21. ,The combination, with a roller platen, of a printing form havingrolling coaction therewith and consisting of parallel lines ofindividual type, all of which are adapted to coact with the platen, aninking ribbon extending between the platen and form on the front sidelof the paper to be printed, but leaving a portion of the formuiicovered, and means for inking the forni directly at an uncoveredportion.

22. The combinationof a rollei platen, a cooperating type-carryingmember, a page forni of individual type projecting a substantially equalextent throughout, whereby the whole page coacts with the platen, aninked fabric adapted to extend between the member and platen and topoints on cach side -of the line of contact, spools for carr ving theends'of such fabric with the fabric engagingthe forni when paper isbetween the form and platen, and an inking device, a port-ion of theform .being exposed to the action of such device while the ribbon iscovering another portion.

23. The combination of a roller piaten, a coperating t-ype.cari. viiigmember provided with means for carrying a page forni of individual typeheld. in a pluralitv of parallel lines, an inked fabric adapted tocxteud between the two and to points oncach side of the line ofcontact,- spools for carrving the ends of such fabric with the fabricengaging the fornrwhcn paper is between the forni and platen, the axesof said spools not moving out of constant horizontal planes, the fabricreceding fiom the form and an inking roller adapted to contact aport-ion of the form where the fabric 1s out of Contact'.

24. The combinationof a roller platen, a co-perating type carryingmember having means for holding a vpage form consisting of a pluralityof parallel lines of individual type, an inked fabric adapted to extendbetween the two and to points on each side of the linen of contact,spools for carrying the ends of such fabric, the axes of said spools notmoving out of constant horizontal planes during printing, there'being aportion of the form not covered by the fabric, means for feeding paperbetween the fabric and platen, andan inking roller adapted to contactwith the form at points where the fabric is out of contact with it.

25. The combination of a form consisting of a plurality of parallellines of loosely held individual type, a roller platen having rollingcoaction therewith, an inking ribbon extending between the two on thefront side of the paper to be printed7 means for holding the ends of theribbon, and anlinking roller adapted to cont-act with the form at apoint not covered by the ribbon.

26. The combination, with a roller platen of a printing form havinga'plurality of parallel lines of individual type mounted to p move incoperation with the platen, means for carrying the form, means forsupplying ink directly to the form at one point, an inked ribbon, andmeans for holding the ribbon between the platen and the face of the lineof type which is printing on the front side of the paper being printed.

27. The combination of a printing member formed to carry parallel linesof indi-.

vidual type, a rotary platen, and two inkin'g means, one' being aninking ribbon adapted to lie between the type and platen andthe other aninking roller and the two cooperating simultaneously with the printingmember, and means for feeding sheets of paper between the ribbon andplaten.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Washington, In.' C.

28:""The combination of a rotary printing drum formed to carryindividual type projecting a substantially uniform distance from theaxis of rotation, a rotary platen parallel'with the drum and adapted tocoact with the page form carried by the drum, and two inking means, onebeing an inking ribbon adapted to lie between the type and platen andthe other -an inking roller, the two coacting simultaneously with theprinting member whereby the inkv of the ribbon is periodically andautomatically replenished by the rotation of the drum.

2S). The combination of a rotatable drum, means for holding thereonlines of removable individual type parallel with the axis of thedrum,whereby a page form of type adapted to print at one'rotation may bemounted on the drum, a platen adapted to have rolling contact with thetype on the drum a line at a time, and two inking means, one being aninking fabric adapted to extend between the type and platen` on thefront side of the paper to be printed and the other an inking roller,and the two cooperating simultaneously with the printing member.

30. The combination of a rotatable drum, means for holding thereonparallel lines of loose individual type, said lines extending parallelwith the axis of the drum, a roller platen adapted .to coact with thetype on the drum a line at a time, an inking fabric adapted to extendbetween the type and platen-and beingpressed simultaneously by a line oftype, andan inking roller bearing against the type whereby the same areautomatically inked as the drum rotates and thereby replenish the fabricat the same time that they print through it.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses.

. HARRY C. GAMMETER, Titnesses H. L. PHILLIPS, l). E. AUSTIN.

Commissioner of Patents,

